Computational
Fluid Dynamics, commonly known by the acronym 'CFD', is a branch of
Fluid Mechanics that resolves fluid flow problems numerically. The physical
laws governing a fluid flow problem are represented by a system of partial
differential equations including the continuity equation, the Navier-Stokes
equations and any additional conservation equations. The numerical analysis
resolves these equations by accurate and complex numerical schemes.
A program or code, where the numerical algorithm is implemented, is
then solved on a computer. Nowadays, most CFD codes use parallel computation
in order to solve a flow problem faster by 'sharing' the calculation
and the memory required among several computers.
As
the performance-to-cost ratio of computers has increased at a spectacular
rate in the last decade and shows no sign of slowing down, CFD is considered
more often as a key industrial tool. The main attraction in using Computational
Fluid Dynamics, resides in its ability to overcome the difficulties
encountered within physical models (if available) or in situ field experiments
to measure flow quantities in inaccessible flow regions and/or to avoid
disturbances associated with intrusive instrumentation and/or by the
experimental environment.
CFD
is able to investigate physical fluid systems and provide a large amount
of data more cost effectively with more flexibility and more rapidly
than with experimental procedures. CFD is thus able to reduce and possibly
eliminate costly test programs.
The
Benefits of CFD